Linux Notepad

Install IceWM on Debian

This guide explains how to install and configure IceWM, a lightweight window manager, on Debian Linux.
IceWM is particularly useful for older hardware or systems with limited resources.
These instructions were tested on Debian 11 (Bullseye) using the network install version, but they should work on other Debian-based distributions as well.

IceWM provides a familiar interface similar to Windows 95/98, making it an excellent choice for kiosk mode applications or single-display setups.

Before proceeding with the installation, ensure you have:

  • A non-root user account
  • Basic command line knowledge
  • Root/sudo access

Installation Commands

Update package lists and install required packages:

sudo apt update
sudo apt install icewm xinit alsa-utils -y

Note: alsa-utils is optional but recommended for audio support.

Configuration Process

1. Configure autostart for non-root user

Edit .bashrc in your home directory:

nano ~/.bashrc

Add the following lines to automatically start IceWM after login:

if [[ -z $DISPLAY ]] && [[ "$(tty)" = "/dev/tty1" ]]; then
  exec startx
fi

2. Apply changes

Restart your system to apply the changes:

sudo systemctl reboot

Verification

After rebooting:

  1. Log in with your non-root user account
  2. IceWM should start automatically
  3. Verify that you see the taskbar and system tray

If IceWM doesn't start automatically, you can start it manually after login:

startx

Do not run startx as root. It should be executed as a non-root user to avoid permission issues.

Additional Notes

  • IceWM will only autostart for users with the configured .bashrc
  • The window manager runs with user privileges, not root
  • IceWM is highly configurable through text files in ~/.icewm/
  • Perfect for kiosk mode applications where only one application needs to run full-screen

Common Use Cases

  1. Lightweight Desktop:

    • Minimal resource usage
    • Fast performance
    • Traditional desktop interface

  2. Kiosk Mode:

    • Single application focus
    • Full-screen display
    • Information presentation

  3. Old Hardware:

    • Efficient resource utilization
    • Compatible with older systems
    • Minimal system requirements

Resources

Back to homepage